Parisian examples of European architecture date back more than a millennium, including the Romanesque church of the Abbey of Saint-Germain-des-Prés (1014–1163), the early Gothic Architecture of the Basilica of Saint-Denis (1144), the Notre Dame Cathedral (1163–1345), the Flamboyant Gothic of Saint Chapelle (1239–1248), the Baroque churches of Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis (1627–1641) and Les Invalides (1670–1708). [16] The meaning of the Gaulish name Parisii is debated. In addition, the Paris region is served by a light rail network of nine lines, the tramway: Line T1 runs from Asnières-Gennevilliers to Noisy-le-Sec, Line T2 runs from Pont de Bezons to Porte de Versailles, Line T3a runs from Pont du Garigliano to Porte de Vincennes, Line T3b runs from Porte de Vincennes to Porte d'Asnières, Line T5 runs from Saint-Denis to Garges-Sarcelles, Line T6 runs from Châtillon to Viroflay, Line T7 runs from Villejuif to Athis-Mons, Line T8 runs from Saint-Denis to Épinay-sur-Seine and Villetaneuse, all of which are operated by the RATP Group,[292] and line T4 runs from Bondy RER to Aulnay-sous-Bois, which is operated by the state rail carrier SNCF. The final stages of the FIBA EuroBasket 1951 and EuroBasket 1999 were also played in Paris, the latter at the Palais Omnisports de Paris-Bercy. More than half had been homeless for more than a year. Contemporary architecture includes the Musée du quai Branly – Jacques Chirac by Jean Nouvel (2006), the contemporary art museum of the Louis Vuitton Foundation by Frank Gehry (2014)[144] and the new Tribunal de grande instance de Paris by Renzo Piano (2018). Its stars in the 1920s included the American singer and dancer Josephine Baker. Paris offers a bike sharing system called Vélib' with more than 20,000 public bicycles distributed at 1,800 parking stations,[303] which can be rented for short and medium distances including one way trips. The Commune held power for two months, until it was harshly suppressed by the French army during the "Bloody Week" at the end of May 1871. Paris (French pronunciation: [paʁi] (listen)) is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,148,271 residents as of 2020, in an area of 105 square kilometres (41 square miles). and partly to the possible loss of housing in the city due to short-term rentals for tourism. The largest of these, in terms of number of employees, is known in French as the QCA, or quartier central des affaires; it is in the western part of the City of Paris, in the 2nd, 8th, 9th, 16th, and 18th arrondissements. [159], In the Paris Region, 590,504 residents were immigrants from Europe, 627,078 were immigrants from the Maghreb, 435,339 from sub-Saharan Africa and Egypt, 69,338 from Turkey, 322,330 from Asia (outside Turkey), 113,363 from the Americas, and 2,261 from the South Pacific. of customers recommend PARISINFO.COM, © 2015 Paris Convention and Visitors Bureau All rights reserved, By using this site , you agree to the use of cookies for analytical purposes, advertising and personalized content . In this travel guide, you’ll find out about the city’s top attractions, as well as useful travel advice on how to get to Paris and how to save money whilst traveling. In modernising its infrastructure through the centuries, Paris has preserved even its earliest history in its street map. [69], On 14 June 1940, the German army marched into Paris, which had been declared an "open city". In recent developments, a 1974–2010 building height limitation of 37 metres (121 ft) was raised to 50 m (160 ft) in central areas and 180 metres (590 ft) in some of Paris' peripheral quarters, yet for some of the city's more central quarters, even older building-height laws still remain in effect. Paris in its early history had only the rivers Seine and Bièvre for water. 2,885 were living in the streets or parks, 298 in train and metro stations, and 756 in other forms of temporary shelter. Among the Trouvères of northern France, a group of Parisian aristocrats became known for their poetry and songs. The basketball team Levallois Metropolitans plays some of its games at the 4,000 capacity Stade Pierre de Coubertin. In spite of Henry IV's efforts to improve city circulation, the narrowness of Paris' streets was a contributing factor in his assassination near Les Halles marketplace in 1610. Later, most of the largest cinemas were divided into multiple, smaller rooms. Book your Paris Tour with France Tourism and make your holidays memorable. It provides health care, teaching, research, prevention, education and emergency medical service in 52 branches of medicine. [329] Agence France-Presse is France's oldest, and one of the world's oldest, continually operating news agencies. Bastille Day, a celebration of the storming of the Bastille in 1789, the biggest festival in the city, is a military parade taking place every year on 14 July on the Champs-Élysées, from the Arc de Triomphe to Place de la Concorde. The Eiffel Tower, Mona Lisa, Monet's paintings, the grave of Napoléon, Louis Vuitton, Disneyland, Paris Air Show and Motor Show are among the top attractions of the most visited city in the world. [14] Paris has long been famous for its grand hotels. Cities of France. According to the 2012 census, 135,853 residents of the City of Paris were immigrants from Europe, 112,369 were immigrants from the Maghreb, 70,852 from sub-Saharan Africa and Egypt, 5,059 from Turkey, 91,297 from Asia (outside Turkey), 38,858 from the Americas, and 1,365 from the South Pacific. Painting and sculpture became the pride of the French monarchy and the French royal family commissioned many Parisian artists to adorn their palaces during the French Baroque and Classicism era. [49], Paris was the centre of an explosion of philosophic and scientific activity known as the Age of Enlightenment. The Fourth Republic was born on Dec. 24, 1946. [153] Many other suburban residential districts (grands ensembles) were built between the 1960s and 1970s to provide a low-cost solution for a rapidly expanding population:[154] These districts were socially mixed at first,[155] but few residents actually owned their homes (the growing economy made these accessible to the middle classes only from the 1970s). Bertrand Delanoë also transformed a section of the highway along the Left Bank of the Seine into an urban promenade and park, the Promenade des Berges de la Seine, which he inaugurated in June 2013. [78] The population of Paris dropped from 2,850,000 in 1954 to 2,152,000 in 1990, as middle-class families moved to the suburbs. The timezone in Paris is GMT+1, like most European countries, except UK and Portugal. [164] The principal reasons were a significant decline in household size, and a dramatic migration of residents to the suburbs between 1962 and 1975. The southern Essonne department specialises in science and technology,[194] and the south-eastern Val-de-Marne, with its wholesale Rungis food market, specialises in food processing and beverages. No first trip to Paris is complete without a visit to … [50], In the summer of 1789, Paris became the centre stage for the French Revolution. [218], In 2019 Greater Paris had 2,056 hotels, including 94 five-star hotels, with a total of 121,646 rooms. [26], The Romans conquered the Paris Basin in 52 BC and began their settlement on Paris' Left Bank. This problem was 'resolved' when its parent "District de la région parisienne" ('district of the Paris region') was reorganised into several new departments from 1968: Paris became a department in itself, and the administration of its suburbs was divided between the three new departments surrounding it. Economist Intelligence Unit Worldwide Cost of Living Survey, 2018, cited in the, Mastercard Global Destinations Index, retrieved July 1, 2020, Maneglier, Herve, "Paris Imperial", La vie quotidienne sous le Second Empire", (1990), pp. Paris received 38 million visitors in 2019, measured by hotel stays, with the largest numbers of foreign visitors coming from the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, and China. During the Roman era, the city's main cemetery was located to the outskirts of the left bank settlement, but this changed with the rise of Catholic Christianity, where most every inner-city church had adjoining burial grounds for use by their parishes. [16] Alfred Holder interpreted Parisii as 'the makers' or 'the commanders', by comparing the name to the Welsh peryff ('lord, commander'), from paraf - peri ('to make, produce, command to be done'). In 1929, the Bois de Boulogne and Bois de Vincennes forest parks were officially annexed to the city, bringing its area to about 105 km2 (41 sq mi). Facebook: L'Australie en France. [189], The second-largest business district in terms of employment is La Défense, just west of the city, where many companies installed their offices in the 1990s. With Paris's growth many of these, particularly the city's largest cemetery, the Holy Innocents' Cemetery, were filled to overflowing, creating quite unsanitary conditions for the capital. The Paris Region had a [84] The system is scheduled to be completed by 2030. [214] The Paris region hosts three other UNESCO Heritage sites: the Palace of Versailles in the west,[215] the Palace of Fontainebleau in the south,[216] and the medieval fairs site of Provins in the east. The power socket used in France is Type C, Type E or Type F, with a voltage of 220-240 Volts. [29] Christianity was introduced in the middle of the 3rd century AD by Saint Denis, the first Bishop of Paris: according to legend, when he refused to renounce his faith before the Roman occupiers, he was beheaded on the hill which became known as Mons Martyrum (Latin "Hill of Martyrs"), later "Montmartre", from where he walked headless to the north of the city; the place where he fell and was buried became an important religious shrine, the Basilica of Saint-Denis, and many French kings are buried there. Discover online now. On 14 July, a mob seized the arsenal at the Invalides, acquiring thousands of guns, and stormed the Bastille, a symbol of royal authority. [116] Party lists winning an absolute majority in the first round – or at least a plurality in the second round – automatically win half the seats of an arrondissement. [89] On 13 November of the same year, a series of coordinated bomb and gunfire terrorist attacks in Paris and Saint-Denis, claimed by ISIL,[90] killed 130 people and injured more than 350. [206] The median taxable income for 2011 was around €25,000 in Paris and €22,200 for Île-de-France. The Louvre received 9.6 million visitors in 2019, ranking it the most visited museum in the world. They are also pejoratively called Parigots ([paʁiɡo] (listen)). [64], During the First World War, Paris sometimes found itself on the front line; 600 to 1,000 Paris taxis played a small but highly important symbolic role in transporting 6,000 soldiers to the front line at the First Battle of the Marne. Home Contact us; Word of Mouth; Welcome to France Tourism. [314] The Jardin des plantes was the first botanical garden in Paris, created in 1626 by Louis XIII's doctor Guy de La Brosse for the cultivation of medicinal plants.[315]. The remaining group, people born in foreign countries with no French citizenship at birth, are those defined as immigrants under French law. Introduction. [194] Four hundred automobile industry companies employ another 100,000 workers: many of these are centred in the Yvelines department around the Renault and PSA-Citroen plants (this department alone employs 33,000),[194] but the industry as a whole suffered a major loss with the 2014 closing of a major Aulnay-sous-Bois Citroen assembly plant.[194]. The first independent Paris Commune, or city council, met in the Hôtel de Ville and, on 15 July, elected a Mayor, the astronomer Jean Sylvain Bailly. [193], The Paris Region economy has gradually shifted from industry to high-value-added service industries (finance, IT services) and high-tech manufacturing (electronics, optics, aerospace, etc.). Although no longer the capital of France, arts and sciences in the city flourished with the Comédie-Française, the Academy of Painting, and the French Academy of Sciences. The second-most visited museum in the city, with 3.5 million visitors, was the Centre Georges Pompidou, also known as Beaubourg, which houses the Musée National d'Art Moderne. It is also responsible for providing emergency services, including the Paris Fire Brigade. The number of city employees increased from 40,000 in 2001 to 55,000 in 2018. Savvy travellers are turning to the expertise of France Tourism more than … [334] Paris also holds the headquarters of the La Poste, France's national postal carrier. [4] In 2011, its GDP ranked second among the regions of Europe and its per-capita GDP was the 4th highest in Europe. [309] The project was abandoned in 2002 for a new and better enforced local law, under the terms of which dog owners can be fined up to €500 for not removing their dog faeces. Among these, 1,165,541 (85.9 percent) were main residences, 91,835 (6.8 percent) were secondary residences, and the remaining 7.3 percent were empty (down from 9.2 percent in 2006). There are also many business schools, including HEC, INSEAD, ESSEC, and ESCP Europe. It supervises the units of the National Police who patrol the city and the three neighbouring departments. Other hospitals include Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital (one of the largest in Europe), Hôpital Cochin, Bichat–Claude Bernard Hospital, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Bicêtre Hospital, Beaujon Hospital, the Curie Institute, Lariboisière Hospital, Necker–Enfants Malades Hospital, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Hôpital de la Charité and the American Hospital of Paris. Its distribution varies widely throughout the city, from 2.6 percent of the housing in the wealthy 7th arrondissement, to 24 percent in the 20th arrondissement, 26 percent in the 14th arrondissement and 39.9 percent in the 19th arrondissement, on the poorer southwest and northern edges of the city. [270][271] Moreover, Paris is also the home of the world's largest cosmetics company: L'Oréal as well as three of the top five global makers of luxury fashion accessories: Louis Vuitton, Hermés, and Cartier. [291] Five new light rail lines are currently in various stages of development.[293]. [159], A further 103,648 in the City of Paris and in 412,114 in the Paris Region were born in foreign countries with French citizenship at birth. After Richelieu's death in 1642, it was renamed the Palais-Royal. The overall climate throughout the year is mild and moderately wet. [167] City-influenced commuter activity reaches well beyond even this in a statistical aire urbaine de Paris ("urban area", but a statistical method comparable to a metropolitan area[168]), that had a 2017 population of 12,628,266,[169] a number 19% the population of France,[170] and the largest metropolitan area in the Eurozone. A half dozen music halls exist today in Paris, attended mostly by visitors to the city.[235]. [53] A succession of revolutionary factions ruled Paris until 9 November 1799 (coup d'état du 18 brumaire), when Napoléon Bonaparte seized power as First Consul. [8][9] Opened in 1900, the city's subway system, the Paris Métro, serves 5.23 million passengers daily;[10] it is the second busiest metro system in Europe after the Moscow Metro. [96], Measured from the 'point zero' in front of its Notre-Dame cathedral, Paris by road is 450 kilometres (280 mi) southeast of London, 287 kilometres (178 mi) south of Calais, 305 kilometres (190 mi) southwest of Brussels, 774 kilometres (481 mi) north of Marseille, 385 kilometres (239 mi) northeast of Nantes, and 135 kilometres (84 mi) southeast of Rouen. [335], Since 9 April 1956, Paris is exclusively and reciprocally twinned only with:[336][337], Paris has agreements of friendship and co-operation with:[336], This article is about the capital of France. [118], Each of Paris' 20 arrondissements has its own town hall and a directly elected council (conseil d'arrondissement), which, in turn, elects an arrondissement mayor. In 1911, the dance hall Olympia Paris invented the grand staircase as a settling for its shows, competing with its great rival, the Folies Bergère. [14] Under French law, renters of these units must pay the Paris tourism tax. They counted 3,641 homeless persons in Paris, of whom twelve percent were women. [281] Other academic libraries include Interuniversity Pharmaceutical Library, Leonardo da Vinci University Library, Paris School of Mines Library, and the René Descartes University Library.[282]. [183] Paris hosts the headquarters of the European Space Agency, the International Energy Agency, European Securities and Markets Authority and, as of 2019, the European Banking Authority. [94] On 19 June, a man rammed his weapons-and-explosives-laden vehicle into a police van on the Champs-Élysées, but the car only burst into flames. [159] This concerns in particular the many Christians and Jews from North Africa who moved to France and Paris after the times of independence and are not counted as immigrants due to their being born French citizens. [185] The story is similar in the Paris Region (Île-de-France): 76.7 percent of enterprises are engaged in commerce and services, and 3.4 percent in industry. In 2009, around 40 percent of Parisians held a licence-level diploma or higher, the highest proportion in France,[274] while 13 percent have no diploma, the third-lowest percentage in France. The banks of the Seine from the Pont de Sully to the Pont d'Iéna have been listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1991.[213]. [12] Its treasures include the Mona Lisa (La Joconde), the Venus de Milo statue, Liberty Leading the People. [199] Paris' financial service companies are concentrated in the central-western 8th and 9th arrondissement banking and insurance district. The French historic, political and economic capital, with a population of only 2.5 million is located in the northern part of France. Real bistros are increasingly rare in Paris, due to rising costs, competition from cheaper ethnic restaurants, and different eating habits of Parisian diners. [263], Today, due to Paris' cosmopolitan population, every French regional cuisine and almost every national cuisine in the world can be found there; the city has more than 9,000 restaurants. Paris is a major rail, highway, and air transport hub. [14] It was ranked as the second most visited travel destination in the world in 2019, after Bangkok and just ahead of London. [139] At its origin, before the Middle Ages, the city was composed of several islands and sandbanks in a bend of the Seine; of those, two remain today: the Île Saint-Louis and the Île de la Cité. [161] Despite the drop, Paris remains the most densely-populated city in Europe, with 252 residents per hectare, not counting parks. [240], Paris is a city of books and bookstores. The 2024 Olympics will be held in the city. The final stage of the most famous bicycle racing in the world, Tour de France, always finishes in Paris. [244][245] Among the Impressionist composers who created new works for piano, orchestra, opera, chamber music and other musical forms, stand in particular, Claude Debussy (Suite bergamasque, and its well-known third movement, Clair de lune, La Mer, Pelléas et Mélisande), Erik Satie (Gymnopédies, "Je te veux", Gnossiennes, Parade) and Maurice Ravel (Miroirs, Boléro, La valse, L'heure espagnole). Hygiene measures and recommended precautions. [241] It is also a city of small bookstores. France is a unitary semi-presidential republic with its capital in Paris, the country's largest city and main cultural and commercial centre. Call Now +61 292 474 233. To demonstrate that the city was safe from attack, the king had the city walls demolished and replaced with tree-lined boulevards that would become the Grands Boulevards of today. The Metropole covers 814 square kilometres (314 square miles) and has a population of 6.945 million persons. European and Asian films are also widely shown and appreciated. In March 2001, Bertrand Delanoë became the first Socialist Mayor of Paris. [21], Inhabitants are known in English as "Parisians" and in French as Parisiens ([paʁizjɛ̃] (listen)). This system is still a major part of Paris' modern water-supply network. The remaining areas are mostly middle-class citizenry dotted with islands of fortuned populations located there due to reasons of historical importance, namely Saint-Maur-des-Fossés to the east and Enghien-les-Bains to the north of Paris. Telephone: (+33 1) 4059 3300. Paris (Paris, Paris, France) with population statistics, charts, map, location, weather and web information. It received 1.1 million visitors in 2018.[230]. The Musée Rodin and Musée Picasso exhibit the works of two noted Parisians. [93] On 20 April, a man fatally shot a French police officer on the Champs-Élysées, and was later shot dead himself. The French Revolution and political and social change in France had a profound influence on art in the capital. The Hotel Meurice, opened for British travellers in 1817, was one of the first luxury hotels in Paris. Let us create a wonderfully unique French holiday experience specially customised to your needs. Paris was central to the development of Romanticism in art, with painters such as Gericault. [287] Another top-level professional team, Nanterre 92, plays in Nanterre. [147] Two-thirds of the city's 1.3 million residences are studio and two-room apartments. Thousands of Parisian blue-collar workers joined the students, and the movement grew into a two-week general strike. In addition to the national museums, run by the Ministry of Culture, the City of Paris operates 14 museums, including the Carnavalet Museum on the history of Paris, Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris, Palais de Tokyo, the House of Victor Hugo, the House of Balzac and the Catacombs of Paris. [74][75], In May 1968, protesting students occupied the Sorbonne and put up barricades in the Latin Quarter. The Paris region is the most active water transport area in France, with most of the cargo handled by Ports of Paris in facilities located around Paris. [31] As the Frankish domination of Gaul began, there was a gradual immigration by the Franks to Paris and the Parisian Francien dialects were born. [65] In the years after the war, known as Les Années Folles, Paris continued to be a mecca for writers, musicians and artists from around the world, including Ernest Hemingway, Igor Stravinsky, James Joyce, Josephine Baker, Eva Kotchever, Henry Miller, Anaïs Nin, Sidney Bechet[66] Allen Ginsberg[67] and the surrealist Salvador Dalí. [88] On 11 January an estimated 1.5 million people marched in Paris in a show of solidarity against terrorism and in support of freedom of speech. The Eiffel Tower is both an engineering miracle and visual delight. [330] France 24 is a television news channel owned and operated by the French government, and is based in Paris. The climate of Paris and the region of Île-de-France is temperate and influenced by the Atlantic Ocean: it is quite cold but not freezing in winter and pleasantly warm in summer. Two other important districts, Neuilly-sur-Seine and Levallois-Perret, are extensions of the Paris business district and of La Défense. Paris hosted the 1900 and 1924 Summer Olympics and will host the 2024 Summer Olympics and Paralympic Games. Paris News.Net. ", | Where we are | publisher oecd.org | accessed on 30 August 2016, "La Défense, Europe's largest business district", "Île-de-France Region – Complete dossier", "EMP2 – Emplois au lieu de travail par sexe, statut et secteur d'activité économique – Région d'Île-de-France (11)", "En Île-de-France, 39 poles d'emploi structurent l'economie régionale", "L'Île-de-France, une des régions les plus riches d'Europe", "Estimation de population au 1er janvier, par région, sexe et grande classe d'âge", "Produits Intérieurs Bruts Régionaux (PIBR) en valeur en millions d'euros", "L'Industrie en Île-de-France, Principaux Indicateurs Régionaux", "Classement.Singapour, Hong Kong, Paris : le trio des villes les plus chères du monde", "Station F, the world's largest startup campus opens in Paris", "Département de Paris (75056) – Dossier complet", "Île-de-France – A la Page Nº288 – INSEE 2007", "Emplois au lieu de travail – Département de Paris (75)", "EMP2 – Emplois au lieu de travail par sexe, statut et secteur d'activité économique – Département de la Seine-Saint-Denis (93)", "EMP2 – Emplois au lieu de travail par sexe, statut et secteur d'activité économique – Département des Hauts-de-Seine (92)", "Arrondissement municipal de Paris 19e Arrondissement (75119)", "Arrondissement municipal de Paris 7e Arrondissement (75107)", "Structure et distribution des revenus, inégalité des niveaux de vie en 2013", "Neighborhoods of Paris with more than 40 percent living below poverty line", "The World's Most-Visited City Is Bangkok", "Saint-Denis Basilica, royal necropolis of France", "Global ranking of manufacturers of luxury goods", "Indicateurs départementaux et régionaux sur les diplômes et la formation en 2009", "At These Parisian Landmarks, Shhh Is the Word", "Métro2030, notre nouveau métro de Paris", "Bulletin statistique, trafic aérien commercial – année 2014", "Histoire d'Aéroports de Paris de 1945 à 1981", "Air passenger transport between the main airports of France and their main partner airports (routes data)", "International intra-EU air passenger transport by main airports in each reporting country and EU partner country", "International extra-EU air passenger transport by main airports in each reporting country and partner world regions and countries", "Paris to be heated with US wood pellets", "Les célébrités du cimetière du Père Lachaise à Paris", "Roma – Relazioni Internazionali Bilaterali", "Hey, is San Francisco Really a "Sister City" of Paris, France? The Sainte-Geneviève Library is in 5th arrondissement; designed by Henri Labrouste and built in the mid-1800s, it contains a rare book and manuscript division. [332], The most-viewed network in France, TF1, is in nearby Boulogne-Billancourt. Most of the grandes écoles were relocated to the suburbs of Paris in the 1960s and 1970s, in new campuses much larger than the old campuses within the crowded City of Paris, though the École Normale Supérieure has remained on rue d'Ulm in the 5th arrondissement. Fortification of the Île de la Cité failed to avert sacking by Vikings in 845, but Paris' strategic importance—with its bridges preventing ships from passing—was established by successful defence in the Siege of Paris (885–86), for which the then Count of Paris (comte de Paris), Odo of France, was elected king of West Francia. [14] The third most visited Paris museum, in a building constructed for the Paris Universal Exhibition of 1900 as the Orsay railway station, was the Musée d'Orsay, which had 3.3 million visitors in 2019. [14] The Orsay displays French art of the 19th century, including major collections of the Impressionists and Post-Impressionists.
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